JOURNAL REVIEW : METHODOLOGY

The case study was used as the research method in this study, which was conducted at the English Education Department of a university in Indonesia from May to July 2018. One lecturer and six undergraduate students of a paragraph writing class were purposively chosen as the participants. The six students were selected as the re-spondents among 27 students based on their level of writing competence; high, me-dium, and low, where each level was represented by two students. Observations, interviews, and document analysis were used as the techniques for collecting data. The observations were conducted both in the classroom and on the online platform to reveal the instructional activities taking place in the two learning modes. The in-terview to the lecturer was carried out to probe the teaching and learning activities in the blended paragraph writing course, while the interviews to the six students were conducted to confirm the information gathered from the lecturer using open ended questions. Meanwhile, the document analysis was intended to get the support-ing data from several sources, such as syllabus and lesson plans. Two techniques were used to obtain the trustworthiness of data, namely triangulation and member check-ing. The triangulation in this study involved checking the information collected from different methods, namely observations, interviews, and document analysis, while member checking was done by taking the conclusion or information back to the par-ticipants so that they could determine the accuracy of the conclusion.

Data were then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman’s interactive model (2014). Three major steps of the analysis consist of data condensation, data display, and drawing and verifying conclusions. Data condensation involves the process of se-lecting, focusing, simplifying, abstracting, and/or transforming the data from field notes, interview, documents, and other empirical materials. Data display is a com-pressed assembly of information that allows conclusion drawing and action, helping the researcher understand what is happening and to do something either to analyze further or to act. Drawing and verifying conclusions are carried out from the onset of data collection by identifying patterns, explanations, and causal flows. The three steps are interwoven before, during, and after data collection in parallel form.