JOURNAL REVIEW 2 : THEORITICAL

Writing is an activity or work of writing
books, poems, stories and so on (Perrault,
2008, n.p). According to Winterrowd and
Murphy, as cited in Kurniawan and Fitrawati
(2014, p. 160) writing is defined as the stage
of transforming an idea into words on paper.
Writing also can be said as the ability to
create words and ideas, and also the ability to
criticize them in order to decide which ones to
use (Elbow, 1998, pp.7-8).
It has been reported that writing is one
of the crucial ways to deliver information
(Megawati & Anugrahwati, 2012, p.183).
National Centre for Education Statistics, U.S.
Department of Education, as cited in Nagin
(2006, p.70) explains that writing skill is very
crucial in all stages of life, from early
education to future employment. The
Department adds that in school students must
convey complex ideas and information clearly,
and proficient writing skills help students
convey ideas, deliver instructions, analyze
information, and motivate others.
There are some types of writing text; one
of them is narrative text. Narrative text is a
story which uses spoken or written language
(Anderson & Anderson, 1997, p.2). According
to Rebecca (2010, p.1), a narrative text is a
text which relates a series of logical, and
chronologically related events that are caused
or experienced by factors. In addition,
Djatmika and Wulandari (2013, p.3) define a
narrative text as a type of text which can
amuse the reader or the listener and also has a
moral value inside the story.
A narrative text has a structural
organization that includes orientation,
complication, and resolution (Djatmika &
Wulandari, 2013, pp.18-19). In addition,
Djatmika and Wulandari (2013, p.100) say
that narrative text itself has some textures,
which is preposition, conjunction, adverb,
adverbial phrase, adverb of time, noun phrase,
tenses (past tense and past perfect tense), and
also direct and indirect speech
Writing skill is one skill that needs to be
developed in English teaching. However,
Kharisma (2009, p.1) says that writing is more
complex than the other skills (reading,
listening and speaking). Writing narrative
text is also not easy for the student. Hence,
the English teachers need to find an
alternative way to help the students
improving their study skill (Kharisma, 2009,
p.1). One way to help student’s problem in
writing narrative text is by using digital
comic (Yunus et al., 2015, pp.54-55). Yunus
and Friends (2015, p.54) say that digital
comic can spur students’ interest to write. By
using digital comic, students can work
collaboratively as digital comic can be a great
collaboration tool (Yunus et al., 2015, pp.54-
55). This subsequently can improve students’
language skills.